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On Earth , bone health can be affected by injury or malnutrition . In space , bone health deteriorates due to loss , which accelerates in the zero-gravity atmosphere with the lack of normal weight-bearing activities human bodies are used to . Astronauts follow a specific nutritional programme and follow strict exercises to reduce the impact . Researchers have studied bone loss data carefully , not only to support astronauts in space , but also to aid lives on earth .

Experiments using the Commercial Biomedical Testing Module ( CBTM ) have studied bone remodelling with Amgen , a California-based biopharmaceutical company , investigating bone loss and muscle atrophy .

Ultrasounds are most commonly used to examine pregnant women and unborn babies , but ultrasound technology is also used to assess various conditions , such as kidney stones , bone fractures and collapsed lungs .

The National Space Biomedical Research Institute ( NSBRI ) built ultrasound technology used by astronauts , allowing doctors in space to care for their fellow passenger patients without needing the help of doctors on Earth .